Women give up many of their naturally granted values in fight for Research Paper

Women give up many of their naturally granted values in fight for gender equality, which is often mistaken for sameness - Research Paper Example ich include physical attractiveness/sexual selection theory and other social theories like exposure, familiarity, personality, dependability and intelligence. The purpose of this research paper is to identify which of the two approaches are more likely to be used by the two genders – male and female. To this end, the paper will be written on the basis of the thesis that men are more likely to be drawn to a romantic partner because of physical or sexual attractiveness whilst women are more likely to be drawn to a romantic partner on the basis of their personality, exposure and other social features and statuses. In testing the hypothesis to prove or disprove it, there are numerous theories and concepts that can be brought to the fore formulate and draw logical conclusions. The first question that comes to mind is why men often seek female partners who are younger than them? It is obvious that women are more beautiful and more attractive sexually when they are younger, than when they grow older. Therefore, it can be generalized with a degree of accuracy that men go for younger women because younger women are more beautiful and sexually more attractive. Charles Darwin’s sexual selection theory indicates that in most cases, men tend to desire younger and more attractive women as a symptom of their mid-life crisis (Darwin 17). On the other hand, the parental investment theory that is put forward by Robert Trivers states that men subconsciously seek traits that show signs of fertility and strong genetic features which can be found more clearly in younger and sexually attractive women than men (Trivers 3). This creates a kind of subconscious mental situation whereby men look for women with strong genes. However, women are more oriented to think in relation to a partner who has long-term abilities because they think within the context of raising a family. Hence, women look beyond just physical traits and sexual attractiveness. They look for a man who has the social

Arab Heritage Discussion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Arab Heritage Discussion - Essay Example Nasser, respecting culture and respecting human rights issues. The nurse in this context should avail the right drugs to the patient as mother and daughter are culturally accustomed to over the counter prescription but schedule a follow up appointment the following day as the authority of physicians is seldom challenged Mrs. Nasser is to return with her daughter and a trusted elderly relative the following day for the follow-up examination. It is also advisable that when addressing this issue a health practitioner of Arab descent and a woman to be available during the follow-up. The nurse who preferably is a woman should explain the symptoms gradually with assistance from the health practitioner and the elderly relative. To address Mrs. Nasser’s concerns, the nurse should encourage the all three women to observe the nurse as she examines Samia explaining what she is doing. This should be done only after Mrs. Nasser understands that her daughter’s health should be taken to consideration and has given consent for the exam to be done. This is because according to Arab culture informed consent is highly valued (Purnell, 2014; Purnell,

Journal 4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Journal 4 - Essay Example I think the images behind the man represent the many paths people today choose in order to be in one religion or state. The man painted in the middle of these paths is representing all the races in the world and possibly religions. Rivera’s work of art seemed to be representing the cultural wars that exist today. In the early 100’s Rivera was at the time an icon for transactions of cultures between the people in Central and North America. This painting was one of his controversial arts which he intended to be an eye opener for Americans; to be culturally diverse and accept the different aspects and opinions which existed in the world (Neimark 6). His painting incorporates lively and contrasting colors and his concern for texture seem overwhelming. His style of painting can best be termed as New Realism since it is far from representing the academic world and naturalism in the old world (Neimark 68). The man who is at the centre of this painting is Lenin who was the founder of Soviet Union; he is symbolically clasping the hands of future allies; a worker, a black American and a white Russian

Arab Heritage Discussion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Arab Heritage Discussion - Essay Example Nasser, respecting culture and respecting human rights issues. The nurse in this context should avail the right drugs to the patient as mother and daughter are culturally accustomed to over the counter prescription but schedule a follow up appointment the following day as the authority of physicians is seldom challenged Mrs. Nasser is to return with her daughter and a trusted elderly relative the following day for the follow-up examination. It is also advisable that when addressing this issue a health practitioner of Arab descent and a woman to be available during the follow-up. The nurse who preferably is a woman should explain the symptoms gradually with assistance from the health practitioner and the elderly relative. To address Mrs. Nasser’s concerns, the nurse should encourage the all three women to observe the nurse as she examines Samia explaining what she is doing. This should be done only after Mrs. Nasser understands that her daughter’s health should be taken to consideration and has given consent for the exam to be done. This is because according to Arab culture informed consent is highly valued (Purnell, 2014; Purnell,

Using an extended example critically examine whether the sector matrix Essay - 1

Using an extended example critically examine whether the sector matrix framework gives a better strategic understanding of product markets than the concepts of product or comodity chains - Essay Example een dominant concept within theoretical framework of economics as well as strategy studies as different theoretical frameworks such as BCG and Porter’s ideas gave rise to the overall concept of the value chain. However, on a much bigger scale, the idea of value chain encompasses a much larger significance because it interconnects different industries either within the borders or outside the borders of the company. This therefore also means that the global supply chain management is not just a mere concept but a social as well as economic phenomenon. The concept of global commodity chains emphasized on the spatial and territorial dimensions of doing business and is based on the concepts of global chains. A new and more innovative concept is the concept of sector matrix which outlines the interplay of demand and supply forces. By emphasizing the demand distribution and supply interaction, the sector matrix increases the field for visible as it attempts to define much more complicated activities and put more focus on redefining competition not from the perspective of the competing manufacturing systems but from really divergent prospective. Globalization of economic resources of the world have given rise to a new phenomenon where products are hardly produced in the domestic markets as there are innumerable linkages between different players which collectively contribute towards the development of chains which regulate the whole process of manufacturing activity. For example, NIKE outsources almost all of its manufacturing facilities and goods sold in US are made in various countries of the world. Porter’s ideas on the five forces indicate how the firm in a particular industry can gain the competitive advantage. The Porter’s five forces discuss the impact of buyer and suppliers on the given firm as the interaction of both the entities on the firm defines the overall competitive advantage of the firm. What is also however, critical to note that the existing

Just Take Away Their Guns Essay Example for Free

Just Take Away Their Guns Essay The president wants still tougher gun control legislation and thinks it will work. The public supports more gun control laws but suspects they wont work. The public is right. Legal restraints on the lawful purchase of guns will have little effect on the illegal use of guns. There are some 200 million guns in private ownership, about one-third of them handguns. Only about 2 percent of the latter are employed to commit crimes. It would take a Draconian, and politically impossible, confiscation of legally purchased guns to make much of a difference in the number used by criminals. Moreover, only about one-sixth of the handguns used by serious criminals are purchased from a gun shop or pawnshop. Most of these handguns are stolen, borrowed or obtained through private purchases that wouldnt be affected by gun laws. What is worse, any successful effort to shrink the stock of legally purchased guns (or of ammunition) would reduce the capacity of law-abiding people to defend themselves. Gun control advocates scoff at the importance of self-defense, but they are wrong to do so. Based on a household survey, Gary Kleck, a criminologist at Florida State University, has estimated that every year, guns are used that is, displayed or fired for defensive purposes more than a million times, not counting their use by the police. If his estimate is correct, this means that the number of people who defend themselves with a gun exceeds the number of arrests for violent crimes and burglaries. The available evidence supports the claim that self-defense is a legitimate form of deterrence. People who report to the National Crime Survey that they defended themselves with a weapon were less likely to lose property in a robbery or be injured in an assault than those who did not defend themselves. Statistics have shown that would-be burglars are threatened by gun-wielding victims about as many times a year as they are arrested (and much more often than they are sent to prison) and that the chances of a burglar being shot are about the same as his chances of going to jail. Cr iminals know these facts even if gun control advocates do not and so are less likely to burgle occupied homes in America than occupied ones in Europe, where the residents rarely have guns. Some gun control advocates may concede these points but rejoin that the cost of self-defense is self-injury: Handgun owners are more likely to shoot themselves or their  loved ones than a criminal. Not quite. Most gun accidents involve rifles and shotguns, not handguns. Moreover, the rate of fatal gun accidents has been declining while the level of gun ownership has been rising. There are fatal gun accidents just as there are fatal car accidents, but in fewer than 2 percent of the gun fatalities was the victim someone mistaken for an intruder. Those who urge us to forbid or severely restrict the sale of guns ignore these facts. Worse, they adopt a position that is politically absurd. In effect, they say, Your government, having failed to protect your person and your property from criminal assault, now intends to deprive you of the opportunity to protect yourself. Opponents of gun control make a different mistake. The National Rifle Association and its allies tell us that guns dont kill, people kill and urge the Government to punish more severely people who use guns to commit crimes. Locking up criminals does protect society from future crimes, and the prospect of being locked up may deter criminals. But our experience with meting out tougher sentences is mixed. The tougher the prospective sentence the less likely it is to be imposed, or at least to be imposed swiftly. If the Legislature adds on time for crimes committed with a gun, prosecutors often bargain away the add-ons; even when they do not, the judges in many states are reluctant to impose add-ons. Worse, the presence of a gun can contribute to the magnitude of the crime even on the part of those who worry about serving a long prison sentence. Many criminals carry guns not to rob stores but to protect themselves from other armed criminals. Gang violence has become more threatening to bystanders as gang members have begun to arm themselves. People may commit crimes, but guns make some crimes worse. Guns often convert spontaneous outbursts of anger into fatal encounters. When some people carry them on the streets, others will want to carry them to protect themselves, and an urban arms race will be underway. OUR GOAL SHOULD NOT BE THE disarming of law-abiding citizens. It should be to r educe the number of people who carry guns unlawfully, especially in places on streets, in taverns where the mere presence of a gun can increase the hazards we all face. The most effective way to reduce illegal gun-carrying is to encourage the police to take guns away from people who carry them without a permit. This means encouraging the police to make street frisks. The Fourth Amendment to the Constitution bans unreasonable searches and seizures. In 1968 the Supreme  Court decided (Terry v. Ohio) that a frisk patting down a persons outer clothing is proper if the officer has a reasonable suspicion that the person is armed and dangerous. If a pat-down reveals an object that might be a gun, the officer can enter the suspects pocket to remove it. If the gun is being carried illegally, the suspect can be arrested. The reasonable-suspicion test is much less stringent than the probable-cause standard the police must meet in order to make an arrest. A reasonable suspicion, however, is more than just a hunch; it must be supported by specific facts. The courts have held, not always consistently, that these facts include someone acting in a way that leads an experienced officer to conclude criminal activity may be afoot; someone fleeing at the approach of an officer; a person who fits a drug courier profile; a motorist stopped for a traffic violation who has a suspicious bulge in his pocket; a suspect identified by a reliable informant as carrying a gun. The Supreme Court has also upheld frisking people on probation or parole. Some police departments frisk a lot of people, but usually the police frisk rather few, at least for the purpose of detecting illegal guns. In 1992 the police arrested about 240,000 people for illegally possessing or carrying a weapon. This is only about one-fourth as many as were arrested for public drunkenness. The average police officer will make no weapons arrests and confiscate no guns during any given year. Mark Moore, a professor of public policy at Harvard University, found that most weapons arrests were made because a citizen complained, not because the police were out looking for guns. It is easy to see why. Many cities suffer from a shortage of officers, and even those with ample law-enforcement personnel worry about having their cases thrown out for constitutional reasons or being accused of police harassment. But the risk of violating the Constitution or engaging in actual, as opposed to perceived, harassment can be substantially reduced. Each patrol officer can be given a list of people on probation or parole who live on that officers beat and be rewarded for making frequent stops to insure that they are not carrying guns. Officers can be trained to recognize the kinds of actions that the Court will a ccept as providing the reasonable suspicion necessary for a stop and frisk. Membership in a gang known for assaults and drug dealing could be made the basis, by statute or Court precedent, for gun frisks. And modern science can be enlisted to help. Metal detectors at  airports have reduced the number of airplane bombings and skyjackings to nearly zero. But these detectors only work at very close range. What is needed is a device that will enable the police to detect the presence of a large lump of metal in someones pocket from a distance of 10 or 15 feet. Receiving such a signal could supply the officer with reasonable grounds for a pat-down. Underemployed nuclear physicists and electronics engineers in the post-cold-war era surely have the talents for designing a better gun detector. Even if we do all these things, there will still be complaints. Innocent people will be stopped. Young black and Hispanic men will probably be stopped more often than older white Anglo males or women of any race. But if we are serious about reducing drive-by shootings, fatal gang wars and lethal quarrels in public places, we must get illegal guns off the street. We cannot do this by multiplying the forms one fills out at gun shops or by pretending that guns are not a problem until a criminal uses one. James Q. Wilson is a professor of public policy at U.C.L.A. His most recent book is The Moral Sense. ADS BY GOOGLE

Canada and the United States Ownership of the Arctic Region

Canada and the United States Ownership of the Arctic Region The Arctic region has been a neglected area for many years. However with the recent discovery of natural and mineral resources in the Arctic, countries such as the United States, Russia and other European countries have been presenting their keen interest in the cold territory. In the article Arctic Meltdown, written by Scott Borgerson, the author discusses the economic and the security consequences caused by the Global Warming.Global warming has contributed to the melting of the icecaps this led to the finding of forty-four billion barrels of natural gas liquids in the frozen area of the Arctic Circle. The discovery has escalated the fight between Russia, United States, Canada and other European countries over which state legally possess these resources creating the most crucial territorial dispute of the century.The article Arctic Meltdown, talks about the political issues caused in the Arctic creating hindrance to the negotiation made between countries claiming its possession of t he resources. Although the melting of the icecaps presents promising energy markets and the revolution of global shipping, serious problems such as the possibility of war over the territory in the Arctic region are currently being overlooked by the U.S. State Department and by the U.S. National Security Council. Since there are no legal structures available in responding to the great levels of ice-melting and to an organized development of the Arctic region, the territory is as a result in danger of being exploited by several money and power hungry countries.This proves that if a powerful country such as the United States does not step up and address the challenges faces in the Arctic, the issues evident will continue to worsen creating a possibility of a battle between nations in desire to control the abundant amount of resources available. This essay will employ the conceptual models of global politics such as realism and complex interdependence in understanding different dimensio ns evident to the current situation in the Arctic. Hence will examine on how the Canadian and U.S. governments should approach the issue. Overview of the situation in the Arctic region The melting of the icecap has sparked pre-existing issues relating to the land claims made by Russia, U.S and other countries in Europe, challenging Canadas Arctic sovereignty because of the increase interest of outside states of the resource available in the region. Ice caps in the Arctic are melting as a result more natural resources and minerals are being found. This has allowed a creation of shorter shipping routes that could potentially save billions of dollars each year for shipping companies.According to an estimate conducted by the U.S. geological survey and Statoil-Hydro of Norway, the Arctic carries about one quarter of the worlds remaining and undiscovered oil and gas sediments.Countries battle over the territory for the reason that it can economically prosper a country as a result increasing the states political influence and authority. This desire to attain power is embedded in every state, which is why tension is ignited amongst countries longing to achieve rights of th e Arctic. U.S and Canada relations in the Arctic Canada and the United States relationship have shown some frustration in pursuing its own interest in the Arctic. Both states display enthusiasm on the extraction of the resources and expansion of a strategic military region in the Arctic.Such keenness has raised a major number of issues such as the control over marine transportation in the Northwest Passage and the domineering of pollution problems. The predicament roots back in 1969 and 1970, when the use of the voyages S.S Manhattan, a U.S. tanker and C.G.S. Polar Sea, a U.S. icebreaker motivated the issue of Canadas sovereign control over its Arctic region that stimulated a debate nationally.The dispute over Canadian sovereignty of the Arctic waters led to the enactment of the Arctic Waters Pollution Prevention Act that allows Canada to regulate over pollution inside a 100 mile zone. In 1970, the unhappy United States responds back stating that accepting the act would jeopardize the freedom of navigation essential for United Stat es activities worldwide.However in 1988, Canada and the United States signed an agreement on Arctic Co-operation, that allowed the U.S. icebreakers to voyage through the Arctic with some limitations and consent obtained from the Canadian government. The claim of territory in the Arctic by several countries has challenged Canadas sovereignty over the Arctic. In attempt to overcome the challenges, Canada dedicated fifty-one million dollars to help classify and map the border of its continental shelf in the Arctic to coincide upon the jurisdictions laid out in the United Nations Convention on the Law of Sea also known as UNCLOS.The UNCLOS is an administration of law and command that regulates the worlds oceans and seas by setting up rules governing uses of all oceans and its resources.Canada ratified the UNCLOS in 2003; the United States on the other hand has not approved the UNCLOS even though the U.S. Senate Foreign Relations voted in 2004 advocating the ratification. To tackle the current crisis in the Arctic territory, it is essential for United States to come up with an agreement with Canada to help prevent the escalation of conflicts regarding the sea-water lines and its resources.Borgenson states in the article the Arctic Meltdown, that the decisions made by the Arctic powers in the coming years will therefore profoundly shape the future of the region for decades. He believes that without the U.S. participating in the decision making to find solutions for the claims made by the Arctic powers. Borgenson indicates that without the U.Ss leadership in this matter, the region could erupt in an armed mad dash for its resources. Realist theory approaches to the conflict Political realists in international politics strive to obtain power through the use of violence.They believe that throughout history nations have either vigorously prepared for violence or either convalescing from it due to war.The conceptual theory realism relies heavily on three assumptions; 1) states are leading actors and act as rational divisions; 2) the use of force is effective to obtain power as proven throughout the past [historic wars]; 3) and suppose that hierarchy in politics high politics dictates over low politics of economic and public dealings.In addition, realists assume that the international system is in a continuous state of anarchy; which is why protecting nations own interest is greatly valued because of the mistrust of agreement between other states or actors. Most importantly, the main objective of realism is to obtain power mostly through the use of military and economic means. To analyse the situation in the Arctic, it is essential to connect some of the cha racteristic of realism with the issue. In some parts, characteristics of realism can be closely related to the relationship of United States and Canada with the issue revolving around the Arctic. Canada claims sovereignty over the Arctic because of geographical and historical reasons to it. The United States searches to find a reason of somehow that the country has rights over the Arctic and its resources. Both states display their own interests in the region suggests characteristics of realism. Complex Interdependence approaches to the conflict Complex interdependence is a theory used in international politics that emphasis on the idea of economic independence. The theory includes three central characteristics. Firstly, the employment of multiple channels is strongly significant for the fact that it joins societies in transnational, interstate and trans-governmental affairs. Secondly, in complex interdependence theory, hierarchy is absent in which military security is least considered therefore does not dictate the agenda.The absence of hierarchy allows for the concentration of other issues pertaining to domestic policy. Lastly, the use of military force is not present between government to government conflicts.Military force in complex interdependence can be extraneous on working out on disputes on economic matters amid affiliates of an alliance, however may be essential for that alliances political and military relations with a rival bloc. Theories of complex interdependence can be closely related with the issue currently residing in the Arctic region. For instance, countries interested in the Arctic only display interest to a country or region if the state benefits from it. In this case, United States demonstrates their interest in the Arctic region because of the mass amount of natural resources the region carries. By protecting their interests, United States as well as Russia and other arctic states are taking measures such as arming icebreakers to secure their claims. Canada as a result retaliates by setting up security satellites surveillance system to look for ships intruding in its waters. Another reason why complex interdependence theory can be closely applied with this situation is because of approaches Canada and the United States are taking to help reach a decision. The U.S.-Canada Arctic Policy was an attempt to join interests in the two countries over the Arctic.Although no negotiations were made among the two states, both states made an effort to approach the issue without threatening to use military force. Unlike realism, complex interdependence theory places an importance on the roles of International Organizations in state to state conflicts. The situation over the control of the Arctic region closely relates to the model, complex interdependence. Complex interdependence is a model of theory known to be the most realistic by political scientists. A futuristic legal option that United States may consider is ratifying the United Nations Convention on the Law of Sea along with other negotiations protecting interests of both countries. The unification of both countries on the issue may help tackle other problems presented by other countries claiming the resources and territories in the Arctic region. In conclusion, to overcome the battle between states over the Arctic territory, Canada and the United States will have to set aside their differences and reach to a decision combining interests from both of the states to prevent further conflicts. One way of achieving solution to this issue is by taking realistic legal measures such as codifying an agreement, law or settlement. This can only be successfully established if Canada and the United States join their self-interests of the Arctic by applying theories placed in the conceptual model, complex interdependence, to help maximize opportunities made available in the region.